OpenCV  4.5.5
Open Source Computer Vision
Structured forests for fast edge detection

Introduction

In this tutorial you will learn how to use structured forests for the purpose of edge detection in an image.

Examples

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Note
binarization techniques like Canny edge detector are applicable to edges produced by both algorithms (Sobel and StructuredEdgeDetection::detectEdges).

Source Code

1 /**************************************************************************************
2 The structured forests for fast edge detection demo requires you to provide a model.
3 This model can be found at the opencv_extra repository on Github on the following link:
4 https://github.com/opencv/opencv_extra/blob/master/testdata/cv/ximgproc/model.yml.gz
5 ***************************************************************************************/
6 
7 #include <opencv2/ximgproc.hpp>
8 #include "opencv2/highgui.hpp"
9 #include <iostream>
10 
11 using namespace cv;
12 using namespace cv::ximgproc;
13 
14 const char* keys =
15 {
16  "{i || input image file name}"
17  "{m || model file name}"
18  "{o || output image file name}"
19 };
20 
21 int main( int argc, const char** argv )
22 {
23  CommandLineParser parser(argc, argv, keys);
24  parser.about("This sample demonstrates usage of structured forests for fast edge detection");
25  parser.printMessage();
26 
27  if ( !parser.check() )
28  {
29  parser.printErrors();
30  return -1;
31  }
32 
33  String modelFilename = parser.get<String>("m");
34  String inFilename = parser.get<String>("i");
35  String outFilename = parser.get<String>("o");
36 
38  Mat image = imread(inFilename, IMREAD_COLOR);
39  if ( image.empty() )
40  CV_Error(Error::StsError, String("Cannot read image file: ") + inFilename);
42 
43  if ( modelFilename.size() == 0)
44  CV_Error(Error::StsError, String("Empty model name"));
45 
47  image.convertTo(image, DataType<float>::type, 1/255.0);
49 
50  TickMeter tm;
51  tm.start();
53  Ptr<StructuredEdgeDetection> pDollar =
54  createStructuredEdgeDetection(modelFilename);
56 
57  tm.stop();
58  std::cout << "createStructuredEdgeDetection() time : " << tm << std::endl;
59 
60  tm.reset();
61  tm.start();
63  Mat edges;
64  pDollar->detectEdges(image, edges);
66  tm.stop();
67  std::cout << "detectEdges() time : " << tm << std::endl;
68 
69  tm.reset();
70  tm.start();
72  // computes orientation from edge map
73  Mat orientation_map;
74  pDollar->computeOrientation(edges, orientation_map);
75 
76  // suppress edges
77  Mat edge_nms;
78  pDollar->edgesNms(edges, orientation_map, edge_nms, 2, 0, 1, true);
80 
81  tm.stop();
82  std::cout << "nms time : " << tm << std::endl;
83 
85  if ( outFilename.size() == 0 )
86  {
87  imshow("edges", edges);
88  imshow("edges nms", edge_nms);
89  waitKey(0);
90  }
91  else
92  imwrite(outFilename, 255*edges);
94 
95  return 0;
96 }
cv::imwrite
bool imwrite(const String &filename, InputArray img, const std::vector< int > &params=std::vector< int >())
Saves an image to a specified file.
cv::Error::StsError
unknown /unspecified error
Definition: base.hpp:71
cv::imread
Mat imread(const String &filename, int flags=IMREAD_COLOR)
Loads an image from a file.
cv::Ptr
std::shared_ptr< _Tp > Ptr
Definition: cvstd_wrapper.hpp:23
CV_Error
#define CV_Error(code, msg)
Call the error handler.
Definition: base.hpp:320
cv::imshow
void imshow(const String &winname, InputArray mat)
Displays an image in the specified window.
cv
"black box" representation of the file storage associated with a file on disk.
Definition: affine.hpp:51
cv::CommandLineParser
Designed for command line parsing.
Definition: utility.hpp:817
cv::TickMeter::reset
void reset()
resets internal values.
Definition: utility.hpp:374
cv::IMREAD_COLOR
If set, always convert image to the 3 channel BGR color image.
Definition: imgcodecs.hpp:72
cv::ximgproc::createStructuredEdgeDetection
Ptr< StructuredEdgeDetection > createStructuredEdgeDetection(const String &model, Ptr< const RFFeatureGetter > howToGetFeatures=Ptr< RFFeatureGetter >())
cv::TickMeter
a Class to measure passing time.
Definition: utility.hpp:294
cv::ximgproc
Definition: brightedges.hpp:47
cv::TickMeter::stop
void stop()
stops counting ticks.
Definition: utility.hpp:310
cv::TickMeter::start
void start()
starts counting ticks.
Definition: utility.hpp:304
cv::String
std::string String
Definition: cvstd.hpp:150
cv::DataType
Template "trait" class for OpenCV primitive data types.
Definition: traits.hpp:112
cv::Mat
n-dimensional dense array class
Definition: mat.hpp:801
cv::waitKey
int waitKey(int delay=0)
Waits for a pressed key.

Explanation

  1. Load source color image

    Mat image = imread(inFilename, IMREAD_COLOR);
    if ( image.empty() )
    CV_Error(Error::StsError, String("Cannot read image file: ") + inFilename);

  2. Convert source image to float [0;1] range

    image.convertTo(image, DataType<float>::type, 1/255.0);

  3. Run main algorithm

    Ptr<StructuredEdgeDetection> pDollar =
    createStructuredEdgeDetection(modelFilename);
    Mat edges;
    pDollar->detectEdges(image, edges);
    // computes orientation from edge map
    Mat orientation_map;
    pDollar->computeOrientation(edges, orientation_map);
    // suppress edges
    Mat edge_nms;
    pDollar->edgesNms(edges, orientation_map, edge_nms, 2, 0, 1, true);

  4. Show results

    if ( outFilename.size() == 0 )
    {
    imshow("edges", edges);
    imshow("edges nms", edge_nms);
    waitKey(0);
    }
    else
    imwrite(outFilename, 255*edges);

    Literature

For more information, refer to the following papers : [58] [150]

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