.. _Mouse_Handling:

Mouse as a Paint-Brush
***********************

Goal
======

.. container:: enumeratevisibleitemswithsquare

    * Learn to handle mouse events in OpenCV
    * You will learn these functions : **cv2.setMouseCallback()**

Simple Demo
=============

Here, we create a simple application which draws a circle on an image wherever we double-click on it.

First we create a mouse callback function which is executed when a mouse event take place. Mouse event can be anything related to mouse like left-button down, left-button up, left-button double-click etc. It gives us the coordinates (x,y) for every mouse event. With this event and location, we can do whatever we like. To list all available events available, run the following code in Python terminal:
::

    >>> import cv2
    >>> events = [i for i in dir(cv2) if 'EVENT' in i]
    >>> print events

Creating mouse callback function has a specific format which is same everywhere. It differs only in what the function does. So our mouse callback function does one thing, it draws a circle where we double-click. So see the code below. Code is self-explanatory from comments :
::

    import cv2
    import numpy as np

    # mouse callback function
    def draw_circle(event,x,y,flags,param):
        if event == cv2.EVENT_LBUTTONDBLCLK:
            cv2.circle(img,(x,y),100,(255,0,0),-1)

    # Create a black image, a window and bind the function to window
    img = np.zeros((512,512,3), np.uint8)
    cv2.namedWindow('image')
    cv2.setMouseCallback('image',draw_circle)

    while(1):
        cv2.imshow('image',img)
        if cv2.waitKey(20) & 0xFF == 27:
            break
    cv2.destroyAllWindows()

More Advanced Demo
===================

Now we go for a much better application. In this, we draw either rectangles or circles (depending on the mode we select) by dragging the mouse like we do in Paint application. So our mouse callback function has two parts, one to draw rectangle and other to draw the circles. This specific example will be really helpful in creating and understanding some interactive applications like object tracking, image segmentation etc.
::

    import cv2
    import numpy as np

    drawing = False # true if mouse is pressed
    mode = True # if True, draw rectangle. Press 'm' to toggle to curve
    ix,iy = -1,-1

    # mouse callback function
    def draw_circle(event,x,y,flags,param):
        global ix,iy,drawing,mode

        if event == cv2.EVENT_LBUTTONDOWN:
            drawing = True
            ix,iy = x,y

        elif event == cv2.EVENT_MOUSEMOVE:
            if drawing == True:
                if mode == True:
                    cv2.rectangle(img,(ix,iy),(x,y),(0,255,0),-1)
                else:
                    cv2.circle(img,(x,y),5,(0,0,255),-1)

        elif event == cv2.EVENT_LBUTTONUP:
            drawing = False
            if mode == True:
                cv2.rectangle(img,(ix,iy),(x,y),(0,255,0),-1)
            else:
                cv2.circle(img,(x,y),5,(0,0,255),-1)

Next we have to bind this mouse callback function to OpenCV window. In the main loop, we should set a keyboard binding for key 'm' to toggle between rectangle and circle.
::

    img = np.zeros((512,512,3), np.uint8)
    cv2.namedWindow('image')
    cv2.setMouseCallback('image',draw_circle)

    while(1):
        cv2.imshow('image',img)
        k = cv2.waitKey(1) & 0xFF
        if k == ord('m'):
            mode = not mode
        elif k == 27:
            break

    cv2.destroyAllWindows()


Additional Resources
========================


Exercises
==========

#. In our last example, we drew filled rectangle. You modify the code to draw an unfilled rectangle.